[LAMP] Settings

因為要做 DB 作業所以就來弄個需要裝個 Apache & MySQL
之前有在 FreeBSD 上裝過了，這次就換成 Ubuntu server
Server OS: Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS

[IOS] I/O Systems

Ch 13 I/O Systems

Ch 13.1 Overview

• Explore the structure of an operating system’s I/O subsystem
• Discuss the principles of I/O hardware and its complexity
• Provide details of the performance aspects of I/O hardware and software
  

[IOS] Ch 12 Secondary-Storage Structure

Ch 12 Secondary-Storage Structure

• Describe the physical structure of secondary and tertiary storage devices and the resulting effects on the uses of the devices
• Explain the performance characteristics of mass-storage devices
• Discuss operating-system services provided for mass storage, including RAID and HSM
  

[IOS] Ch 11 Implementing File-Systems

Ch 11 Implementing File-Systems

• To describe the details of implementing local file systems and directory structures
• To describe the implementation of remote file systems
• To discuss block allocation and free-block algorithms and trade-offs

[IOS] Ch 10 File-System

Ch 10 File-System

• To explain the function of file systems
• To describe the interfaces to file systems
• To discuss file-system design tradeoffs, including access methods, file sharing, file locking, and directory structures
• To explore file-system protection
  

[IOS] Ch 9 Virtual-Memory Management

Ch 9 Virtual-Memory Management

• To describe the benefits of a virtual memory system
• To explain the concepts of demand paging, page-replacement algorithms, and allocation of page frames
• To discuss the principle of the working-set model
  

[IOS] Ch 8 Memory Management Strategies

Ch 8 Memory Management Strategies

• To provide a detailed description of various ways of organizing memory hardware
• To discuss various memory-management techniques, including paging and segmentation
• To provide a detailed description of the Intel Pentium, which supports both pure segmentation and segmentation with paging

[IOS] Ch 7 Deadlocks

Ch 7 Deadlocks

• The Deadlock Problem
• System Model
• Deadlock Characterization
• Methods for Handling Deadlocks
• Deadlock Prevention
• Deadlock Avoidance
• Deadlock Detection
• Recovery from Deadlock
• To develop a description of deadlocks, which prevent sets of concurrent processes from completing their tasks.
• To present a number of different methods for preventing or avoiding deadlocks in a computer system.
  

[IOS] Ch6 Synchronization #3

Ch 6.7 Monitors

• Problems with Semaphores:
  
  • Used for 2 independent purposes
    
    • Mutual exclusion
    • Condition Synchronization
  • Hard to get right while coding
    
    • signal(mutex) … wait(mutex) ： several processes may be executing in their critical sections simultaneously
    • wait(mutex) … wait(mutex) : deadlock
    • omitting of wait(mutex) or signal(mutex) (or both)
    • small mistake easily leads to deadlock / livelock
  • Separation of mutual exclusion and condition synchronization
  • Automatic wait and signal
• To solve it, develope monitor type:
  
  • A high-level abstraction that provides a convenient and effective
    mechanism for process synchronization

[IOS] Ch6 Synchronization #2

Ch6.6 Classic Problems of Synchronization

• The Bounded-Buffer Problem
• The Readers-Writers Problem
• The Dining-Philosophers Problem